四六级考试网

四级深度阅读答案：

Passage One:

57. D) It is an indispensable device on an airplane.

58. A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.

59. C) The early models often got damaged in the crash.

60. C) To make them easily identifiable.

61. A) There is still a good chance of their being recovered.

Passage Two:

62. B) It is based on the concept of positive thinking.

63. A) Encouraging positive thinking may do more harm than good.

64. C) You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent.

65. C) Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.

66. B) Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.

1006四级深度阅读解析：

本次深度阅读题目难度较低，基本与文章paraphrase较为明显，且每道题目在文中定位相当明显。

第一篇深度阅读讲的是黑匣子的功用，属于科技类，但是文章整体以说明文为主， 唯一有难度的是57和61题。57中C的ward off为“避免”的意思，文中用的是withstand意为“承受”。原文意为坠机后黑匣子可以避免毁坏，而C的意思是指引飞机避免灾难，根据常识，应能判断出C为干扰项。D中的indispensable意为“必不可少”，在昂立四六级峰会讲座上特意提到这是个四级中的高频词汇，D相对而言是个比较概括的答案。61中可能有部分考生选到了D，原文指的是飞机crashed near Brazil，而黑匣子并没有坏，只是埋于深海。

第二篇深度阅读只要把握住文章关键词positive thinking和negative thinking就基本能抓住正确答案。再次强调含有文章关键词成为正确答案概率更高。这篇文章属于老话题新观点——都知道积极表扬会给人带来正面情绪，而此文讲的是新研究表明positive thinking may do more harm than good，反倒是直面消极和困难，更能获得积极效应。且文章技巧明显：

1、 特殊符号周围有题

2、 含文章中心词为正确答案概率高

3、 含有绝对的词不可能为正解（total, too much），易成为正解的词may和比较级都在昂立课堂上和讲座中多次强调

深度阅读比的是心机，但是这次的深度阅读如果课堂上和讲座中做了笔记的考生会发现一切都在意料之中。深度阅读平均每篇错两个即可及格，希望广大考生在此次考试中能总结经验和技巧运用到以后的六级考试中！

在最近几次的四级考试当细节题所占比例有所增加，从2006年题型改革之前的40%提高到50%。我们可以这么说，“得细节题者得天下”。不过非常可惜的是，考生们在细节题部分的得分率并不理想。

其实经过一段时间的复习之后考生们已经能够对一些基本解题思路比较清楚，也能够形成一套固定的解题流程。比如，解决细节题，首先就是在题干中寻找关键词，然后将关键词代入文章找到它在原文中的位置，接着仔细分析该句然后找到对应选项。不过，在多年的教学当中笔者发现，恰巧是最后一步——找到与原文对应的选项成为了绝大多数考生的拦路虎。广大考生所面临的实际情况是，文章好像也看懂了，重点也找到了，但是四个选项看起来却是“乱花渐欲迷人眼”让人无所适从——症结所在就是无法找到真正与原文对应的最佳选项，欠缺应有的甄别能力。这个问题该如何解决呢？这就是今天要向读者朋友们介绍的方法：逐词对应法。下面笔者将结合一篇四级阅读真题，对此加以说明。

(段落和题目有删节)：

In communities north of Denver, residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators as the Vrain school District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement. ”We’re worried about our teachers and principals, and we really don’t want to lose them because of this,” one parent sail. “If we can help ease their financial burden, we will. ”

…

The 22,000-student district discovered the shortage last month. “It’s extraordinary. Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level,” said State Treasurer Mike Coffman.

At Coffman’s request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances. Coffman says he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election, when voters approved a $212 million bond issue for schools.

…

At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum(论坛)。“Rumors about what’s happening to the district are moving at lighting speed, “said a student. “We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.”

28.In the view of State Treasurer Mike Coffman, the educational budget shortage is_________.

A) unavoidable

B) unthinkable

C) insolvable

D) irreversible

29.Why did Coffman request an investigation?

A) To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem.

B) To find out the extent of the consequences of the case.

C) To make sure that the school principals were innocent.

D) To stop the voters approving the $212 million bong issue.

30.Three high school students started a website in order to__________.

A) attract greater public attention to their needs

B) appeal to the public for contributions and donations

C) expose officials who neglected their duties

D) keep people properly informed of the crisis

28题问的是Mike Coffman对预算短缺问题看法。一般考生都可以分析出来此题所针对的是文章第2段当中Coffman所说的“Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level”（几乎没有人能够想象到会发生程度如此严重的问题）。大概说来Coffman想要强调的是问题的严重性。不过分析四个选项之后我们发现命题者可谓是颇费心思，所设计的四个选项unavoidable （难以避免）、unthinkable（难以设想）、insolvable（无法解决）还有irreversible（覆水难收）都有“问题严重”这个含义在内，这就使得不少考生犯难了。而逐词对应这个方法就是要告诫我们抛开对选项和原文的表面化和简单化的了解，要深入到其中的核心词汇，逐个加以分析。比如28题的四个选项，在经过纵向比较之后不难发现它们虽然表面意思比较接近但是其中的动词词根的意义差别却相当巨大，分别为avoid（避免）、think、solve（解决）和reverse（颠倒）。接着我们回看原文，在Coffman所说的这句话中真正的实义动词就是imagine（想象）。很明显，只有B选项的think最能够传达原文的意思。

29题问Coffman为什么要求对该地财政状况进行调查。第三段第二句告诉我们he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election（他想知道是否有当地官员故意掩盖预算短问题缺，一直拖到11月份选举）。根据逐词对应的思路，我们首先要提炼出原文当中的核心词汇——尤其是实义动词，因为动词牵涉到全句的基本含义，所以实义动词的提取和比较也就是它的精髓所在。原句的实义动词有两部分，首先是主句的“wants to know”，显然D选项的动词stop是无法与之对应的，自然被排除。接着我们又看到原句中的第二个动词hid，在这儿它的意思是掩盖。分析到此相信大家都明白了，能够和它对等的就是B选项中的cover-up。逐词对应避免了对无关或者多余信息的比较，直指核心，确实达到了事半功倍的效果。

最后一题在当年的考试当中是得分率最低的一个。但是在使用了逐词对应之后相信读者们会迅速做出正确判断。

30题针对的是全文最后一句，“We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.”（我们想要了解事实并将向公众传达）。不难发现这句话中的实义动词有两个，know和spread。值得注意的是这里的spread是传播的意思。再来看看四个选项的动词部分，A选项是attract，吸引；B选项是appeal to，在本句中的意思是呼吁；C选项是expose，揭露；D选项是动词词组，keep somebody informed，告知、通知某人。既然原文讲到学生门成立网站的目的是要“了解”和“传播”事实，那就是要让大家都知道事实，或者说把事实情况告诉给周围的人，显而易见，D选项成为了不二的选择。

综上所述，逐词对应法主要由两个部分组成。首先是要提取核心词汇——主要是实义动词——理解它们在原文和选项中的正确含义；接下来只要找到包含与原文意义一致的选项即可。希望考生朋友们能够仔细体会，帮助自己迅速提高解题正确率。

　　【阅读练习】

　　Until the 1980s, the American homeless population comprised mainly older males. Today, homelessness strikes much younger part of society. In fact, a 25-city survey by the U. S. Conference of Mayors in 1987 found that families with children make up the fastest growing part of the homeless population. Many homeless children gather in inner cities; this transient(变化无常的) and frequently frightened student population creates additional problems — both legal and educational — for already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers.

　　Estimates of the number of homeless Americans range from 350,000 to three million. Likewise, estimates of the number of homeless school children vary radically. A U.S. Department of Education report, based on state estimates, states that there are 220,000 homeless school-age children, about a third of whom do not attend school on a regular basis, But the National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children, and that less than half of them attend school regularly.　　　　One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count consists of the “throwaway” youths who have been cast of their homes. The Elementary School Center in New York City estimates that there are 1.5 million of them, many of whom are not counted as children because they do not stay in family shelters and tend to live by themselves on the streets.　　　　Federal law, the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes a section that addresses the educational needs of homeless children. The educational provisions of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education.

　　1. It is implied in the first paragraph that ____.

　　A) the writer himself is homeless, even in his eighties

　　B) many older homeless residents are going on strike in 25 cities

　　C) there is a serious shortage of academic facilities

　　D) homeless children are denied the opportunity of receiving free education

　　2. The National Coalition for the homeless believes that the number of homeless children is _____.

　　A) 350,000

　　B) 1,500,000

　　C) 440,000

　　D) 110,000

　　3. One part of the homeless population is difficult to estimate. The reason might well be ____.

　　A) the homeless children are too young to be counted as children

　　B) the homeless population is growing rapidly

　　C) the homeless children usually stay outside school

　　D) some homeless children are deserted by their families

　　4. The McKinney Act is mentioned in this passage in order to show that ___.

　　A) the educational problems of homeless children are being recognized

　　B) the estimates on homeless children are hard to determine

　　C) the address of grade-school children should be located

　　D) all homeless people are entitled to free education

　　5. The passage mainly deals with ____.

　　A) the legal problems of the homeless children

　　B) the educational problems of homeless children

　　C) the social status of older males

　　D) estimates on the homeless population

　　【答案及详解】

　　答案：C C D A B

　　直到20世纪80年代，美国无家可归的人口主要包括的还是年龄较大的男性。现在，社会上年龄较小的一些人也面临无家可归的威胁。的确，美国市长会议在1987年对25个城市进行了一项调查，结果表明，在无家可归的人口中，儿童的增长比例是最快的。许多无家可归的儿童都聚集在城市的中心地带。其中学龄儿童四处流浪，饱受惊吓。这给已经负担考试大过重的城市教学和教学管理带来了许多额的外的麻烦，其中既涉及法律问题又涉及教育问题。

　　美国无家可归的人口数量估计在35万到300万人之间。同样，无家可归的学龄儿童人数也无法做出准确的估计。一份根据各州估计数字而得出的美国教法的育部的报告指出，有22万无家可归的学龄儿童，其中约有三分之一没有按规定上学。然而国家关于无家可归人员的联盟会却估计，这样的儿童人数至少还应该多一倍，其中半数以上没有正常入学。

　　有一部分无家可归的人口尤其难以统计，就是那些遭家庭遗弃的“浪荡”少年。据纽约小学中心估计，这样的人口有150万左右。其中还有许多小孩没有估计进去，因为这些小孩不呆在安全的家中，却往往独自在街头流浪。

　　联邦法律(1987年斯图尔德?B?麦肯尼无家可归人员救助法案)有一部分专门指出了无家可归儿童的教育需要。法案中有关于教育的条款所依据的观点是所有无家可归的儿童都有权接受正规的义务教育。

　　【阅读练习】

　　After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll(死亡人数) could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, and earthquake of similar __1__ that shook America in 1998 claimed 25,000 victims.

　　Injuries and deaths were __2__ less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. On a holiday, when traffic was light on the city’s highway. In addition, __3__ made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city’s buildings and highways, making them more __4__ to quakes.

　　In the past, making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet __5__ materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to __6__ the impact of ground vibrations. The most __7__ designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake’s vibrations. When ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would __8__ the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new designs should offer even greater __9__ to cities where earthquakes ofen take place.

　　The new smart structures could be very __10__ to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.

　　[A]changes

　　[B]flexible

　　[C]decrease

　　[D]recent

　　[E]push

　　[F]reduce

　　[G]relatively

　　[H]safety

　　[I]resistant

　　[J]expensive

　　[K]force

　　[L]accordingly

　　[M]intensity

　　[N]security

　　[O]opposed

　　Answers：

　　1.选M)。此处应填名词，作介词of的宾语，作为后置定语修饰earthquake，说明该名词是“地震”的自然属性。选项中的名词有changes，safety，intensity和security，只有intensity可以表示地震的强度，故选M)。

　　2.选G)。此处应填副词，用来修饰形容词less。选项中的副词有relatively“相对的”和accordingly“相应的”，第一段说这次地震和1998年的那次地震程度一样，但造成的损失却小很多，再从后句中“高速路上的车辆不是很多”可以推断：这次的地震造成的“死伤人数”与1998年比少很多，即少是相对的，故选G)relatively。

　　3.选A)。空格中要填的词是本句话中的主语，应为名词。这句话的主干是have strengthened the city’s buildings and highways,从第三段的内容和注释3的解析可知：建筑结构发生了变化，故应选择A)changes。

　　4.选I)。此处应填形容词，和其前面的more构成形容词的比较级，描述新型建筑与地震有关的性能。them = the city’s buildings and highways, have strengthened “被加固”说明他们更有抵御风险的能力了。选项中的四个形容词只有resistant符合这个意思，故选I)。

　　5.选B)。此处应填形容词，修饰名词materials。从后面的…bent without breaking “即使弯曲也不会折断”，说明是有韧性的材料。选项中的四个形容词只有flexible表示“柔韧的，可变形的”，故B)正确。

　　6.选F)。此处应填名词。根据上下文insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation“在建筑物和地基之间填充橡胶和钢材”是为了减少the impact of ground vibrations”地面震动对建筑物的影响”。选项中decrease和reduce都可以表示“减少”的意思，前者指稳定的逐步地减少，后者强调在大小、程度或强度方面下降或减少。故F)reduce更符合题意。

　　7.选D)。根据注释3，可以推知，这里要填的词是和前面的In the past, Laer相对应的，选项中的形容词中只有recent可表示时间，the most recent desighs“最近的设计”，在原文中可以对应“过去，后来”，故D)为正确答案。

　　8.选K)。前面提到了智能建筑，这里说明当地震使这样的建筑向前倒的时候，电脑会怎样它，使它相反方向移动。在动词push和force之间悬着。push强调的是外加的力量，而这里的拖力者是与智能建筑一体的计算机系统，故这里force符合文意。

　　9.选N)。此后应填名词，做动词offer的宾语。本句前面一直在描述新型建筑采取的抗震措施，本句是这些措施的结果。抗震型建筑为城市提供的应该是更多的安全保障，选项中表示“安全”的词有safety和security，前者是处于安全状态，不受伤害，没有危险，多用于人身，货物。后者常指国家社会的免遭战争，灾难而安然无恙，故N)security更符合文意。

　　10.选J)。此处应填形容词。从后面的However后的一句说明智能建筑的优点而得知，However前所说的是智能建筑的缺点。既然智能建筑很聪明，又是新事物，那么建造起来肯定会耗费很多资金的，所以选J)expensive。