四六级考试网

　　在切入正题之前，大家可以先看下面一道题目:

　　1×2×3×4×5×6×7×8×9×0×11×12=?我可以肯定有部分人能很快得出答案，而另一部分人则要算比较长的时间，问题在哪呢?我想就在与你是否有整体意识，看到一道题目之前先不要急于去算，应先从整体上看一下题目有无规律可循。

　　如果把这个原理应用在阅读中就是准确快速得提取出句子的主干，这样不仅能加快阅读速度，而且能够准确的理解句子的意思.

　　举例：Under a system deployed on the WhiteHouse Web site for the first time last time,those who want to send a message to PresidentBush must now navigate as many as nine Web pages and fill out a detailed form that starts by asking whether the message sender supports WhiteHouse policy or differs with it.

　　分析技巧如下：在长难句中象以介词短语开头的这部分可以先不理会，重要的是找出句子主的干，在这句话中可以提取主干为：Those people must now navigate nine Web pages and fill out a detailed form.主干意思都能很容易理解，然后再把细节(比如定语)添加上。如果你看到这个句子后一个词接一个词的翻译，会大大影响理解的速度，可能会出现读了很长时间但还是弄不清楚这个句子到底说的什么情况。另外象长句子中常见的诸如过去分词形式的词比如 deployed,detailed,这2个词虽然形式一样但是在句中的功能却截然不同，deployed是过去分词做后置定语修饰system,而第二个detailed却是起着形容词的作用，即过去分词形式的形容词修饰form。我经过阅读大量的文章发现，象这种形式的词在句子中一般就这2种作用：一是过去分词前无谓语动词，过去分词直接跟在名词后面，这种词起后置定语作用，二是过去分词位于名词之前，这种情况下就起着形容词的作用。所以以后在碰到这样的词不用发愁不知道它在句子中到底有什么用，只要按上面2种思路考虑，一般都能准确地判断出词在句子中的意思。

　　句子大意：因为上周白宫网站首次设置了一个网上系统，那些想发信息给总统的人们必须浏览多达至九个网页的内容，还要填一份详细的表格，而这个表格的第一个问题就是信息发送者的白宫的政策是支持还是反对。

　　再看下面一个例子：DNA analysis has been so successfully applied in criminal investigations that the media coverage has left the public a strong perception that DNA analysis is infallible.在理解这个句子时一定要抓住句子的核心so that句型，在这个句子中它引导结果状语从句，在口语中这个that可以省略。第二个that则是引导名词性从句。

　　句子大意：DNA鉴定这种技术在犯罪调查中已经得到如此成功的运用，以至于媒体对它的报道使公众深信DNA鉴定是绝对可靠的。

　　另外留2个题目供大家参考练习(要求在最短的时间内找出句子的主干)：

　　1. Any company larger than 300 workers that fails to meet the minimum hiring standard must pay a penalty of 50000 Yen for each of the unfilled positions.

　　2. Many of life’s problems which were solved by asking family members,friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve.

　　3. The period characterized by so vast a body of elaborately representational art produced for the sake of illustrating anecdote also produced a number of painters who examined the mechanism of lght and visual perception.

　　[背景了解]

　　文章取自于2003年1月的阅读真题，是关于消费方面的文章

　　[文章部分]

　　Consumptionhas become a central pillarof life in industrial lands and is even embeddedin social values. Opinion surveys in the world’s two largest economies—Japan and the United Sates—show consumerist definitions of success becoming ever more prevalent.

　　[单词学习]

　　Consumption n.消费, 消费量

　　pillar n.[建] 柱子, 栋梁, 重要的支持者

　　embedded adj.植入的, 深入的, 内含的

　　survey n.测量, 调查, 俯瞰, 概观, 纵览, 视察

　　prevalent adj.普遍的, 流行的

　　[课后作业]

　　请翻译下列4个句子

　　1. Consumption of cotton increased even after it rose in price.

　　2. The working class is the main pillar of Communist Party.

　　3. A famous consumer group released a survey of companies across Taiwan.

　　4. Smog is more prevalent in urban centers.

　　答案：

　　1. 棉花的价格虽然提高了,但消耗依然增加。

　　2. 工人阶级是共产党的中流砥柱。

　　3. 一知名消费者团体公布了一份关于台湾各地的公司的调查。

　　4. 烟雾在市中心更为普遍。

　　[背景了解]

　　今天的文章取自于2003年1月的阅读真题，是关于工伤赔偿制度的^^

　　[文章部分]

　　German Chancellor (首相) Otto Von Bismarck may be most famous for his military and diplomatic talent, but his legacy (遗产) includes many of today’s social insurance programs. During the middle of the 19th century, Germany, along with other European nations, experienced an unprecedented rash of workplace deaths and accidents as a result of growing industrialization. Motivated in part by Christian compassion (怜悯) for the helpless as well as a practical political impulse to undercut the support of the socialist labor movement, Chancellor Bismarck created the world’s first workers’ compensation law in 1884.

　　[单词学习]

　　military a.军事的;军用的

　　unprecedented a.无先例的,空前的

　　motivate vt.给…动机;刺激;激发

　　impulse n.冲动

　　compensation n.赔偿金;补偿金

　　[课后作业]

　　请翻译下列4个句子

　　1.There used to be a military base in the region.

　　2.Airlines around the world,spurred by growing passenger volume and the need to replace hundreds of aging 1960s-era jets,have embarked on an unprecedented shopping rush.

　　3. I used to act out of blind impulse when I was young.

　　4.My job is hard, but it has its compensation.

　　答案：

　　1.这地区过去有个军事基地。

　　2.迫于乘客流量不断增加，又加上各航空公司有必要对已日显陈旧的60年代喷气客机进行更换，世界各个航空公司掀起了一股前所未有的购机热潮。

　　3.我年轻时常凭盲目的冲动行事。

　　4.我的工作虽苦,但也有所补偿。

　　[背景了解]

　　今天的文章取自于2003年1月的阅读真题

　　[文章部分]

　　When school officials in Kalkaska, Michigan, closed classes last week, the media flocked to the story, portraying the town’s 2,305 students as victims of stingy (吝啬的) taxpayers. There is some truth to that; the property-tax rate here is one-third lower than the state average. But shutting their schools also allowed Kalkaska’s educators and the state’s largest teachers’ union, the Michigan Education Association, to make a political point. Their aim was to spur passage of legislation Michigan lawmakers are debating to increase the state’s share of school funding.

　　[单词学习]

　　portray vt.描绘

　　victim n.受害者,受骗者,受灾者

　　property n.所有物，财产

　　spur v.鞭策,鼓励，敦促

　　legislation n.法律,法规

　　[课后作业]

　　请翻译下列4个句子

　　1.Dickens portrayed his characters to the life.

　　2.Concern is mounting that the estimated 1.5 million people left homeless will fall victim to epidemics of cholera（霍乱） and other illnesses.

　　3. At the nadir of recession, he had to sell his property and move into his parents’ house.

　　4.Their aim was to spur passage of legislation Michigan lawmakers are debating to increase the state’s share of school funding.（提示一下喔，Michigan lawmakers are debating定语从句，修饰passage of legislation ）

　　答案：

　　1.狄更斯把他笔下的人物描绘得栩栩如生。

　　2.人们的担心日甚一日，因为估计有150万人无家可归，霍乱及其他流行病的爆发会危及到他们。

　　3.在景气最低迷时,他必须把产业卖掉搬回去和父母住。

　　4.他们的目的是敦促州政府通过增加办学基金的立法。

　　[背景了解]

　　文章取自于2003年1月的阅读真题，是篇关于MBA的文章

　　[文章部分]

　　The MBA, a 20th-century product, always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed (贪婪) on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as philosophy and literature.

　　But even with the recession apparently cutting into the hiring of business school graduates, about 79,000 people are expected to receive MBAs in 1993. This is nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960, a testimony to the widespread assumption that the MBA is vital for young men and women who want to run companies some day.

　　[单词学习]

　　commerce n.商业，（尤指国际间的）贸易

　　discipline v.训练，训导，管教（某人，某物）；处罚，处分（某人）

　　recession n.经济衰退；不景气；后退，撤回

　　apparently adj.看来，似乎

　　vital adj.极其重要的，必不可少的

　　[课后作业]

　　请翻译下列4个句子

　　1.We must promote commerce with neighbouring countries.

　　2.Parents have to discipline their children.

　　3.He had apparently escaped by bribing a guard.

　　4.The police perform a vital role in our society.

　　今天的选段中，第一段比较难理解，大家怎么看呢？我们来畅所欲言吧！

　　答案：

　　1.我们必须促进与邻国的贸易。

　　2.父母应该管教自己的儿女。

　　3.他看来是贿赂了守卫而逃跑的。

　　4.警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用。

　　关于第一段，我觉得句子主干是The MBA always has borne the mark on the three-lined campuses.

　　有份真题分析的理解是：出现于20世纪的MBA学位一直以来就在绿树成荫，以哲学，文化等纯理论科目为主的校园内被冠以庸俗商业和贪婪的头衔。

　　[背景了解]

　　文章取自于2002年6月的阅读真题，今天的选段有点长喔，有兴趣的来通过看这一段文章猜一下划线部分单词的意思吧，可以对单词加深印象喔~~

　　[文章部分]

　　How might the emic and etic approaches be reflected in the study of family processes? In the emic approach, the researchers might choose to focus only on middle-class White families, without regard for whether the information obtained in the study can be generalized or is appropriate for ethnic minority groups. In a subsequent study, the researchers may decide to adopt an etic approach by studying not only middle-class White families, but also lower-income White families, Black American families, Spanish American families, and Asian American families. In studying ethnic minority families, the researchers would likely discover that the extended family is more frequently a support system in ethnic minority families than in White American families. If so, the emic approach would reveal a different pattern of family interaction than would the etic approach, documenting that research with middle-class White families cannot always be generalized to all ethnic groups.

　　[单词学习]

　　reflect v.反映，映现

　　appropriate a.适当的，恰当的

　　subsequent a.随后的，后来的

　　pattern n.图案，花样； vt.仿制，裁制

　　generalize v.概括，归纳，总结

　　[课后作业]

　　请翻译下列5个句子

　　1.Baseball reflects America’s history, just as Roslyn Mazer put it.

　　2.Plain and simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.

　　3.Most countries in Europe were in a mess during the period subsequent to World War II.

　　4.Paper patterns for dresses are now available for you to pattern dress on different models.

　　5.Knowledge is generalized experience.

　　答案：

　　1.罗斯林*马泽尔说过，棒球反映出美国的历史。

　　2.上学时的衣着应该简单而朴实。

　　3.二战后的一段时期中，大部分欧洲国家陷入了窘境。

　　4.裁衣服的纸型已有出售，你可以按照不同样式裁制衣服。