第二部分 完形填空——高分妙招
1. 利用文章中心主题句解题法
完形文章一般都具有一条非常 明确的中心主线，各个段落紧紧围绕着中心主线展开，布局紧凑。因此理论上，正确的选项一定是紧扣文章主题和中心主线的。故而，与中心主线无关的选项基本上 排除在正确答案以外。
【真题】Why do Americans display such 75 in a public place? (2002.1)
75. A.attraction B.attention C.affection D.motion
【分 析】本段谈论的是作者在电影院里的一次不愉快的经历，坐在他面前的两个人亲昵的举止影响了他欣赏电影，所以才发出这样的感叹：美国人为什么在大庭广众之下 会表现出这样的____?四个选项中的B.attention“关注，注意力” 和D.motion“运动，移动，手势”显然都与这个主题不相关;而选项A.attraction“吸引力”此处与作者的感受正好相反，他是被干扰了，而 不是被吸引了。故答案为C. affection “柔情，温柔”。
2. 利用上下文寻找解题信息
由于完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，围绕一个话题论述，因此在行文中词语的重复、替代、复现和同现现象是不可避免的。根据这个原则，某一个空格 所对应的答案很可能就是在上下文中复现或同现的相关词，考生可以根据这些词之间的有机联系来确定答案。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词 的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相 关信息的能力。
【真题】72 While mini-cars and luxury foreign brands are still popular, everything in between is 73 . Last year sales fell 6.7 percent, 7.6 percent 74 if you don’t count the mini-car market. (2009. 6)
73.A surging B stretching C slipping D shaking
【分析】根据下文中介绍去年的销售额下降 6.7%和7.6%，可以判断此空也涉及销售额的下降问题，故选C项slipping“下跌，减退，滑倒”，其他选项均为干扰项。
3. 利用文章结构及语篇逻辑关系
只有明白文章结构，了解各段落之间的关系，才能加深对文章的理解。明白了各部分是如何为表现 主题思想服务的，也就更容易把握带空的句子所需要的是什么内容，因此就更容易选准答案了。这要求考生具有扎实的英语词组、短语、习惯用法等英语搭配的知 识，这对于理解文章的逻辑关系特别有利。文章的逻辑关系不外乎列举、原因、结果、让步、对照、补充、目的、条件等关系。
【真题】“It’s not inconvenient at all,” he says. 69 , “having a car is so 20th century.” (2009.6)
69.A Therefore B Besides C Otherwise D Consequently
【分析】根据上下文，It’s not inconvenient at all与having a car is so 20th century可构成递进关系，所以选B项，表示此外，而且的意思，其他选项均与前后两句话之间的链接关系不符。
4. 语言知识及搭配关系解题法
做题时应注意文章中的搭配：
逻辑搭配：包括过渡词、连接手段、指代关系、肯定、否 定等;
语义搭配：包括区别同义词、近义词、反义词、形近异义词、同形异义词;
结构搭配：指名词、动词、形容词等在句中或文中与其 他词的搭配;
惯用搭配：即通常所说的固定短语。
【真题】 71 one sense, the effect of a consumer’s mood can be thought of in 72 the same way as can our reactions to the 73 behavior of our friends.(2007.12)
71. A On B In C Of D By
72. A thus B much C even D still
【分析】71、72题考查习惯用法。 in one sense,从某种意义上说、在某种意义上。72题中much the same几乎相同，主要考察 the same way的修饰成分。其他项不能修饰the same。
5. 背景知识和社会常识解题法
解答完形填空题时，有时文章中提供的信息还 不够，还需要考生把符合常识的一些知识信息结合起来考虑，最后选出符合常识的最佳答案。因此，考生的知识范围越广，对文章的理解就越容易，整体上知道所选 短文在说什么，那么局部上的每一个空填起来也会得心应手。
【真题】It took some 75，000 lives， _ 67 _ 13，000 and left nearly 3.5 million without food， jobs, or homes.(2007.6)
67. A injured B ruined C destroyed D damaged
【分析】考生的生活经验足以在此时起到帮助预 测内容表达发展方向的作用，在获得有关死亡人数的之后，自然会提到伤者，因此自然能够选出正确答案injured。
6. 综合运用各种线索 如果不能很有把握地直接看出某一道题的答案，可以把排除法和词汇、语法分析结合起来运用，从而缩小选择的范围，提高答题准确率。这种 情况有以下几种：
(1)从时态、语态、语气、名词的数等各个角度分析所填内容是否与上下文一致
(2)从而排除一些备选答案，缩小 选择范围;
(3)分析空白处与前后词之间的语义关联、搭配关系，从而排除一些选项;
弄清楚该题的句法关系，分析一下它是简单句、 并列句，还是复合句;
(4)判断所填的内容在句中充当什么成分，应是什么词性，并分析备选答案之间的异同，从而排除干扰项选出正确答案。
【真题】Language is a means of communication, __68__ is much more than that. (2006.12)
68. A. so B. but C. or D. for
【分析】考生需要正确理解more than 这个比较结构的含义、代词that的指代对象，以及和前句之间形成的逻辑发展方向，才能正确选出答案。
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