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英语四级(CET4)语法复习之二

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　　谓语动词用复数的情况

　　1) both, some, few, many 等用作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用复数。

　　【例如】

　　Both of my parents are over seventy years old.

　　Many students in my class have creative thoughts and wide knowledge.

　　2) “ the + 形容词”作主语，在表示一类人或事物时，谓语动词用复数。

　　【例如】

　　The aged are well taken care of by the government.

　　The poor are often looked down upon by the rich.

　　The young have respect for the old in China .

　　3) a number of, a lot of, any of, most of, the rest of, some of, none of, all of 修饰复数名词时，谓语动词用复数。

　　【例如】

　　Most of the teachers are responsible and knowledgeable.

　　A number of books have been published on the subject.

　　None of the books attract me a lot. the number of 表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数。

　　【例如】

　　The number of books published on this subject is simply amazing.

　　The number of foreign visitors to China has been increasing over the last several years.

　　4) 集合名词作主语时，当名词表示整体时，谓语动词用单数；当名词强调集体中的个体时，谓语动词用复数。

　　【例如】

　　The family is the basic unit of society. The family have agreed among themselves to spend their vocation in Europe .

　　CET4 语法： used to 的用法

　　“ used to 加不定式”表示过去常常干某事，现在不在干了。例如 :

　　I used to go to work by bus. Now I take a taxi.

　　She used to be very shy.

　　“ be used to doing ”表示习惯于干某事。

　　【例如】

　　I am used to getting up early and going to bed early.

　　He is used to being praised by others.

　　关系从句中的谓语动词

　　在“ one of + 名词 ( 复数 )+ 关系从句”中的单复数在“ one of+ 名词 ( 复数 )+ 关系从句”中，关系从句中的谓语动词常采用复数形式。

　　【例如】 She is one of the students who have passed Band Six.

　　This is one of the best books that have been published recently.

　　one 之前有 the only 等修饰语时从句动词要用单数。

　　【例如】 She is the only one of the girls who is chosen as the member of student union.

　　He was the only one of the boys who was given a prize.

　　以 only 引导状语位于句首引起的倒装

　　Only by shouting at the top of his voice was he able to make himself heard. Only in this way can we achieve what we want.Only in each afternoon does the university library open. Only under special circumstances ____to take make  up tests. (CET-4 1997,6)

　　A) are freshmen permitted

　　B) permitted are freshmen

　　C) freshmen are permitted

　　D) are permitted freshmen

　　Only 加状语位于句首，句子用倒装语序，故答案为 A 。

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