新四级的考题按六大部分设计，从试卷结构和题型设置来说都已经脱胎换骨，每个部分在原来基础上寻求多种变化，整个试卷在整体上追求题目高密度、题型多样化以及知识点的高含金量。那么如何理解试题第六大部分——新出现的翻译题呢?
Part VI Translation
考试的最后一个阶段是翻译，5分钟处理5个句子。四级阶段考生受词汇量和知识结构影响，基本缺乏双语翻译的训练和技巧，所以只是蜻蜓点水般做一些知识点练习，题目并非中高级口译资格证书考试的考生所形容的：“翻译难，难于上青天。”四级试卷上的翻译部分，说其简单无非有三，其一，考题只考查汉译英，没有英译汉。大学英语精读教材中，每课都有汉译英译句练习，应该是学生非常熟悉的题型。相比较，考研翻译中的长句英译汉则把考生难得死去活来;其二，内容单纯，不需要专业理论知识。题目内容既没有高难度的新闻翻译、文学翻译，也不涉及科技经贸翻译中的专业知识，只是一般的短句翻译，没有大主题语境，也谈不上翻译的“信、达、雅”标准，四级程度学生可以manageable。第三，名为翻译，实为补全句子，考查语法结构和词组运用知识。每句只涉及15个左右的英语词，需添入的部分也只有3到8个单词，其中隐含着四级水平考生应当掌握的句型、语法、词组知识点。
以下是样题所提供的5个翻译句子，我们根据其内容来推测可能考查的知识点：
87.The substance does not dissolve in water _______________(不管是否加热)。
本句意为：不管是否加热，这种物质都不会溶解于水。
前半句所给的信息并不重要，考生凭四级词汇知识可以理解substance(物质)和dissolve(溶解)两个单词的意义。考虑提示部分的汉语，“不管…是否…”即“whether… or …”，很容易找到这个对应结构。关键点在于对“加热”的理解，是主动还是被动处理，从上下文意义推断出是water被加热，所以我们采用被动方式，即whether (it is) heated or not，填入部分作让步状语从句，it is可以被省略。
考查重点：
从句知识：尤其让步状语从句，注意复习whether… or…, though, no matter how等表达的用法。
分词用法：注意辨别现在分词和过去分词，同时考虑动词被动语态的运用。
88.Not only ___________________(他向我收费过高)，but he didn’t do a good repair job either.
本句意为：他不但向我收费过高，而且东西修理得不怎么样。
本句中要考虑两个层面，首先是动词“收费”的对应词，应当是“charge”。“过高”则往往使用too high或too much, 由于主体内容是金钱而不是温度，我们用经常搭配的“much”。更加巧妙的用词是“overcharge”，恰好可以把意思归并到一起。还要考虑的是本句中“not only…but…”结构中出现了否定词前置到句首的现象，自然是倒装句的标志。结合后半句的一般过去时形式，我们不得不把助动词did提炼出来，按照倒装结构翻译成“Not only did he charge me too much”或者“Not only did he overcharge me”。
考查重点：
倒装句结构中的否定词前置现象。类似的知识点还要注意Never/Neither/Hardly/Scarcely等否定词在句首的倒装情况。
89. Your losses in trade this year are nothing ______________________(与我的相比)。
本句意为“你在生意中的损失与我的相比不值一题。”
翻译时有两个知识点容易出错，首先，“与…相比”考查词组知识，四级程度同学应当掌握“compared with”或者“in comparison with”, 但常有考生把 “compare with”与“compare to”(把…比做)混淆，或者没有考虑过去分词形式。此外，“我的”应当使用物主代词所有格“mine”，此处不宜写成“my losses”。
考查重点：
词组知识：需要考生把握大批类似compare with以及名词形式in comparison with的词组或短语，其中固定搭配需要使用的介词/副词非常重要。
分词形式：在句子中做修饰成分与前者构成主动被动关系至关重要。
90. On average, it is said, visitors spend only _____________________(一半的钱) in a day in Leeds as in London.
本句意为：据说，游客平均一天在利兹花掉的钱只有在伦敦的一半那么多。
显然本句在拿as…as…结构做文章。因为是比较关系，把在Leeds和在London的费用做比较，所以后半句有明确的“as”一词。空缺部分是要有 “as”,还要有 “half”和“money”。关键是次序如何调理。根据比较结构中的倍数原则，倍数数字放在最开始，接下去有关于量的as much+n.+as, 因此本句要填入 “half as much money”。
考查重点：
比较结构：本句考查同级比较中的倍数关系，类似表达还有twice as much(many) as…
91. By contrast, American mothers were more likely__________________ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent.
本句意为：相比较，美国的母亲们更可能把孩子的成功归因于天赋。
本句再次在词组方面进行考查，“把…归因于…”是大学英语四级考查率极高的一个语言点，有时表达因果关系最复杂的动词词组。应当熟练把握 “attribute…to…”的拼写和用法。此外，不要忽略另外一个词的用法,“be likely to …”表示“容易”、“可能”等意义，稍不小心就会把to漏掉。总之，需要填入的部分拼贴在一起就是“to attribute their children’s success to”。
考查重点：
动词词组，表示因果关系的attribute… to…。需要熟练掌握用法的还有lead to, result in, result from, be to blame for, be responsible for。另外，还要学会使用拼写类似的词组contribute to，表示“有助于，对…做出贡献”。
各位读者，如果仔细研究以上样题的考点，不难发现新四级在放弃专门的词汇语法结构题型后，把相关知识点设置到了其它的几种题型中。至少我们未来面对的翻译部分就重点考查了各类词组语法的知识，而且全是原来四级题目中的重点。那么我们辛辛苦苦准备的倒装句、虚拟语气、分词、从句、词组仍然有用武之地。准备新四级千万不要与以往的知识割裂，我们所说的“万变不离其宗”就是这个道理，熟练掌握四级大纲规定的词汇、词组、语法知识，并且活学活用，才不会被千变万化的题型吓倒。
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