CET翻译共有5句话。分值占卷面总分5％。我们的目标是全拿！文章中会给大家介绍一些翻译策略和应试技巧，相信对大家做题有所帮助。
[1] 翻译题的做题策略及练习
[2] 答案和详解
应试技巧
句法结构分析
考生有时会出现这样的疑问：句子需填补部分的英文单词都会写，可是一把这些单词凑到一块儿就丢分。这是为什么？这是因为考生没有注意分析句子的语法结构，不能判别句子需填补部分在全句中所起的语法功能。准确翻译离不开句法分析，句法分析包括辨别词性和句子成分。
1）辨别词性。由于一个汉语对应英语词可能同时具备名词、形容词、动词等多种词性，在汉译英时一定注意这一点。不仅要看到这个单词在句中是什么词性，还要看到与这个单词相联系的表达在句中作什么成分。
例1 All men __________（生而平等）.
译文: are born equal（形容词）
例2 Jane has ____________（在滑雪方面没有对手）.
译文: no equal in skiing（名词）
例3 The young scientist ___________（和史密斯教授具有同等的资格）but not in experience.
译文: equals Professor Smith in qualifications（动词）
例4 The naughty boy __________（从楼梯上跳下来，扭伤了脚）.
译文: jumped from the stairs and hurt his leg（动词）
例5 This failure is ___________（对他是个很大的创伤）.
译文: a great hurt to him（名词）
例6 That old lady _________________（怀着受创的感情离开了家）
译文: left home with hurt feelings（形容词）
2）辨别句子成分。同一词语在句中所作的成分不同，意义也不同。翻译时应根据上下文和全句意思来作出判断，再确定如何组织英语语言。请大家试着用as来完成下列三句汉译英练习，并分析它们在句中作什么成分。
例7 I’ll ____________（我来当口译员）.
译文: act as an interpreter
例8 He ___________（把我当成亲密的朋友）.
译文：treats me as an intimate friend
例9 ____________（他获胜后的第一个行动是）make a call to his family.
译文：His first act as a winner was to
这三句中都有由as引导的介词短语，但在句中的作用各不相同。第一句中as an interpreter在句中作状语；第二句的as an intimate friend作宾语me的补足语，并非me的定语；第三句的as a winner作定语，修饰act，不是修饰后面的动词to make a call，否则意思变成”他的第一个行动是以获胜者的身份给家人打电话”。
以上十四期介绍的翻译策略和技巧是通过理论和经验的证实得出来的，相信会对大家做好翻译题有所帮助。总之，考生在做这项新增题型时，一定要临”新”不乱，要仔细分析需填句子部分的词汇、结构或惯用法，找出可能要翻译成英语的主语、谓语、宾语或其他成分并应用适当的翻译策略和技巧。对于句子出现的生词（组），一定不能放弃，要尽量发掘能解释其意义的线索或同义词等。实在不行就根据句子本身的含义，按照自己的理解来表达，因为只要表达的意思大致相当，总会有所收获。译完后尚需对原句内容进一步核对（Checking Process），对译文语言进一步推敲；检查译文有无错（漏）译现象，是否符合英语表达习惯等。但是，技巧终究不等于捷径。考生只有在平常练习中多多累积经验，才能逐步掌握诀窍，熟练运用各种翻译方法。
Exercise Thirteen
1._______________ （他没有因罪行而受到严厉的惩罚）because he was young.
2. _______________（他们用几种语言来书写通知）so that the foreign tourists could understand them.
3.It would be astonishing ______________ （如果不痛切地感受到这一损失）.
4.I always remember what my teacher told me：nobody ______________ （只有努力的人才能成功）.
5.In making such models, wonderful skill is called for, _______________ （也需要透彻地了解植物的结构）.
答案解析：
1. He was not severely punished for his crime
解析：这是一个因果主从复合句，句子需填入部分是全句的结果。在把汉语翻译成英语的时候有一个潜在规则：尽量使译文简洁明了。本题还考查了词性的转换，”严厉的惩罚”是一个偏正名词短语，如果说He did not get a severe punishment because of his crime就显得罗嗦冗长。所以可以把”惩罚”、”严厉地”分别译成动词和副词，把句子译成被动态。
2. They wrote the notices in several languages
解析：本题的中文语序特别容易对考生造成干扰，考生如果按照字面顺序来翻译就是They used several languages to write the notices.这样就不符合英文表达习惯。中文说”用某种语言”，在英文里一般会处理成方式状语in…language，如：write in English，speak in French。
3. if that loss was not keenly felt
解析：本题考查用it作形式主语的结构来翻译汉语无主句。由于句子需填入部分并没有提及”谁”来感受损失，因此最稳妥的办法是处理成被动态。另外要注意个别词语的英译。”痛切地”用deeply则程度不够深，用painfully则词不达意，painfully通常指病痛。因此，可选择keenly，表示程度之深切。
4. can succeed without hard effort
解析：本题实际上在考查反译法。虽然句子需填入部分的汉语没有出现关于”不”、”没有”、”否”的字眼，但是由于题干部分已经给出了nobody，这就限制了翻译必须用反译法。必须在英文里再次出现否定，与nobody构成双重否定，才能强调”只有……才……”的含义。事实上，如果这句话译成only those who work hard can succeed强调语义就没有那么明显了。
5. as well as thorough knowledge of plant structure
解析：本句意为：制造这样的模型，不仅需要透彻地了解植物的结构，还要有精湛的技艺。考生往往误认为在…as well as…结构中后面的内容是强调的内容，其实…as well as…前面的并列成分才是突出强调的内容。句子需填入部分还考查了词性的转译，把原文的动词短语”彻底地了解”转换成英语的名词短语thorough knowledge。
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