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09年12月英语六级翻译指导及练习（14）

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　　CET翻译共有5句话。分值占卷面总分5％。我们的目标是全拿！文章中会给大家介绍一些翻译策略和应试技巧，相信对大家做题有所帮助。

　　[1] 翻译题的做题策略及练习

　　[2] 答案和详解

　　固定搭配

　　名词的固定搭配

　　固定搭配是六级汉英翻译试题部分考查的重点和难点。考生在复习备考的过程中一定要注意加强积累，才能在考试中熟练地运用。今后每期将有二十到三十个固定搭配，太简单的（比方a few 有些，几个）我就直接无视掉了，每天记住几个就OK了，而且很多我们也学过。这样在考试前我们能掌握近五百个搭配。

　　名词的固定搭配

　　a close(narrow) shave 侥幸的脱险

　　a great/good deal of 大量，非常，及其

　　a good/good many of 相当多，很多

　　a multitude of 大量

　　attempt at 企图，努力

　　attitude to/towards 态度，看法

　　correspondence with 通信

　　dissatisfaction with 不满

　　exposure to 显露，暴露；曝光

　　face to face 面对面地

　　fair play 公平比赛，公平对待

　　far from 远远不，完全不

　　influence on 影响

　　interference in 干涉，介入

　　interference with 妨碍，打扰

　　little by little 逐渐地，一点点地

　　next door 隔壁

　　no doubt 无疑地，很可能

　　no less than 不少于，多达

　　objection to 反对，异议

　　once for all 一劳永逸地，永远地

　　once in a while 偶尔

　　once more/again 再一次

　　one after another 一个接一个，相继

　　preference for/to 偏爱，喜爱；优惠；优先

　　proficiency in 熟练，精通

　　requirement for/to 需要，需要的东西，要求

　　the moment(that) 一……就

　　trolley bus 电车

　　word for word 逐字地

　　Exercise Fourteen

　　1. We need not only be under various external pressures, but also _____________ （也要面对内心的困惑）.

　　2. Would you _______________（愿意来参加我们的晚会）on Friday?

　　3. After the operation， _____________（他的身体很健康）.

　　4.－ Will you be going back home for the Spring Festival？

　　－ ___________（当然啦）.

　　5. ________________（我只发现了几个错误）in your composition.

　　答案解析：

　　1. to be in the face of the internal perplexities

　　解析：本句意为：我们不仅要承受种种外界压力，还要面对内心的困惑。这句话考查的是not only…but also的结构。该结构的前后部分应该保持一致，前半部分用的是not only to，后半部分就应该是but also to。另外，前半句用了under pressure来表达承受压力，后半句最好也用一个介词短语来表达面对困惑之意，与前文相呼应。我们知道，face既可以用作动词也可以用作名词，in the case of意为”面对，面临”。其实全句有三处相对应出现的词或表达，他们是：not only to & but also to；be under & be in the face of；external pressures & internal perplexities。英语里比较注重这种并行结构。

　　2. come to our evening party

　　解析：考查”参加”的表达。Join往往是指参加俱乐部或者协会，如：join a health club；join the Communist Party，或者用join sb表示参加到某人的活动中来。事实上，常常与party搭配的动词是come或者go。如go to a wild party，或come to a Christmas Party。”参加”的另外一些用法有：参加会议（attend the meeting）；参加某项活动（take part in the activity）；参加考试（take/ sit /do the examination）；参加礼拜（attend worship）；参加社会活动（get about social activities）。

　　3. he is in good health/he’s healthy

　　解析：本题看似简单，实际在考查汉英表达习惯差异问题。”他的身体很健康”是一句典型的汉语表达，然而英语里表示某人身体好的时候不用”身体”作主语，直接用”某人”作主语。如果译成his body is healthy就可谓多此一举了。”身体健康”还可以用to be in good condition。

　　4. Sure/ Certainly

　　解析：本题也是一道考查汉英表达差异的题。很多考生不假思索地译成Of course。其实，以英语为母语的人使用of course的频率要比中国的考生低得多，只有在回答一些总所周知的问题或表示反语口吻时才说of course。因为of course后面隐含一句话是”当然我知道啦！难道我是一个傻瓜吗？”因此，of course带有挑衅的意味，语气很不友好。在使用方面，sure或certainly语气会婉转很多。同时of course not也具挑衅的意味。正常情况下的说法是certainly not。

　　5. I found a few mistakes

　　解析：few和little意为”几乎没有”，a few和a little意为”还有一些，有几个”。但若在a few和a little加上only，意思就变了。即only a few＝few，而only a little＝little。如：I can have only a little more.（我几乎不能再吃了。）She made only a few mistakes.（她几乎全对。）因此，如果译成I found only a few mistakes，意思就恰恰相反，”你的作文我几乎没发现错误”。这道题说明在汉译英时不能完全对应汉字翻译，而要考虑英语使用习惯和词语搭配。

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