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大学英语六级(CET6)翻译题举例及解析(3)

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　　翻译策略

　　顺序法

　　顺序法翻译不改变原文表达语序，不会影响对原文内容的理解。

　　例1 即使在我们关掉床头灯甜甜地进入梦乡时，电仍然为我们工作：开动电冰箱，把水加热，或使室内空调机继续运转。

　　译文: Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep , electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.

　　在句子中，句子前半部分是一个让步状语从句，后半句的“开动”，“加热”，“使……运转”都是“电在为我们工作”的具体内容。因而在译文中，译者将这三个并行动作处理成了V-ing 形式，补充说明working的内容。译文按照原句的语序完全传达了原文的意思，采用顺序法翻译，达到了“精确，通顺”的目的。

　　例2 It was a Saturday evening, when Tom was lying on the bench of the school listening to a blackbird and composing a lyric, that he saw the girls running among the trees, with the red-cheeked Joe in swift pursuit.

　　译文: 那是周六的傍晚，汤姆正躺在学校的长凳上，一面听画眉鸟唱歌，一面写一首抒情诗，忽然看见女孩子们在树林里奔跑，后面紧跟着那红脸的乔。

　　原句里一连串出现了一系列的动词如：lying, listening, composing, saw，这是按汤姆进行这些动作的先后顺序来描述的，如果在译文中打乱这些顺序，就反而会显得凌乱，没有逻辑。

　　逆序法

　　逆序法根据目标语使用者表达习惯与目标语读者的认知能力，按原文语序反向翻译，以便更好地传达原文的内容。

　　例3 他经常做礼拜的时候，总坐在固定的座位上，可是那天他们发现他不坐在老地方。

　　请读者比较下面两句译文，你认为哪一句较好？

　　译文1:When he attended worship, he always took a certain seat, but they found that he took a different one that day.

　　译文2:They remarked how he took a different seat from that which he usually occupied when he chose to attend worship.

　　两种译文都忠实传达了原文内容。第一种为顺序翻译，第二种为逆序翻译。第一种显得有些冗长拖沓，且前后简单句主语不一致（前半句主语为he，后半句主语是they），给人表述混乱之感。第二种由于采用了逆序法将原句意思用一个复合句表达出来，内容清晰，结构紧凑。　　　　顺序法和逆序法主要是针对翻译长句而言，六级新题型汉译英题不会涉及此类译法，但作为翻译策略之一，应有所了解。

　　Exercise Three

　　1.We wish to convey to you ________________ （我们衷心的祝贺）.

　　2. __________________（无论从哪一方面考虑），they ought to be given another chance.

　　3. ________________（随着时间的流逝）,.they forgot their bitter sufferings.

　　4.We must _______________（使自己适应）the demands of our times; otherwise we’ll fall behind the other industrialized nations of the world.

　　5.The number of the students in the city has ___________________ （增加了五倍） in comparison with 2001.

　　答案：1. our hearty congratulations

　　解析：全句意为：我们希望向你表达我们衷心的祝福。主要考查词是“衷心的”。hearty 表示发自内心的，衷心的，亲切的，热烈的意思。如：a hearty welcome（热烈的欢迎）；a hearty invitation（真诚的邀请）；a hearty support（全力的支持）。另外，“希望（做）某事”可以说成：wish to do sth./ wish + sth.

　　2. Taking everything into consideration

　　解析：本题考查的是反面表达法。“无论从哪一方面考虑”即：方方面面都考虑到。“考虑”的短语表达有：take sth. into consideration /take sth. into account 。因为此句主句已给出，所以take应用现在分词的形式，在句中作原因状语。本句采用反译法，使译文符合英文表达习惯。

　　3. With the passage of time

　　解析： 本题是考查固定搭配，“时间流逝”应译为 the passing / passage of time ，“随着”应选用介词with，请看例句：We grow older with the hours.（我们随着时光流逝而长大。）

　　4. adapt ourselves to

　　解析：本句意为：我们必须使自己适应这个时代的要求，否则就会落后于世界其他工业国家。主要考查“使……适应” 的用法：adapt to / adapt sb. to，如：adapt themselves to city life（使他们适应城市生活）；You should adapt yourself to the new environment.（你应该适应新环境）。adapt 除了有“使适应”含义外，还有“改编，改写”之意。考生也常将adapt 和 adopt相混淆。adopt有“采纳，接受，领养”之意。

　　5. increased 6 times

　　解析：本题考查关于倍数的说法。“增加了5倍”即增加到6倍。用times与fold表示“增加”时，要注意英语要多说一倍。如Output of coal increased four times（或fourfold）.（媒产量增加了3倍）。

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