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名师教你征服2011英语四级考试：背单词

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对于背单词，不同的人有不同的见解与方法。笔者认为不管白猫黑猫，抓到老鼠就是好猫。考生可以博采众家之长，但是关键要看准是否适合你自己。因为，有的方法适和别人不一定就适合你。我通常背单词喜欢给自己规定时间，比如一个月一定要把词汇书背过去。虽然在这个过程当中，仍然会忘记好多单词，但是至少完成了“任务”，40%-50%的词汇是可以记住的。然后不断重复记忆。
拿过词汇书，考生先不要急着背单词，而是要剔除已知词汇。比如四级词汇书中第一个单词是a最后一个单词是zoo。这样的单词是我们早已耳熟能详的单词，无需再记忆。考生可以拿一支笔，把它“痛快”地剔除。这样就为你以后背单词节省了好多时间。在剔除已知词汇的过程中，还要分出两类词汇，即半生词汇和纯生词汇。所谓半生词汇是指，你看着英语单词猜它的汉语意思，一时间猜不出来，但是一看汉语意思，就对上号了，反之亦然。我们把这类似懂非懂、似生非生的词汇称之为“半生词汇”。与之相对的就是“纯正词汇”，就是汉语英语全然对不上号，这一类词汇是重点记忆的，也是需要花一定的时间来记忆的。
在背单词的过程中，很多同学也花费大量的时间，但是效果不明显，原因在于记忆单词方法不正确，往往属于死记硬背。
比如记忆单词第一种方法是利用此根词缀记忆单词，这也是最科学的记忆单词的方法。很多同学觉得不管用，是因为没有掌握有效的词根和词缀。
比如ex-表示“表示由—出来”；im-“表示由—进入”，port表示“港口”，于是export表示出口；而import表示“进口”；
记忆单词第二种方法叫做“形象拆分记忆法”，就是把单词首先拆分成有效的认知词汇，然后利用想象力把它记住。例如：
1.drain.n.下水道；下水管。
d-rain.可以记忆为“大雨”，大雨肯定流入下水道。drain-pipe.　n.排水管。drainage.　n.排水；放水。
2.drama.n.戏剧；
d-ra-ma这个单词后面读起来像是“阿妈”，这部就是演戏剧的台词吗？dramatic.　a;　　　　dramatically. adv;　dramatist.　n.剧作家；编剧。dramatize.　v.改编。
5.drape.v.将（衣服、帘、幕、斗篷等）悬挂，披。drape sb/sth in/with sth用—遮盖或装饰某人、某事物。
这个单词读起来很像是“抓过来披上”，所以是悬挂，披的意思。
扩展：draper.　n.服装商。
6.drastic.a.激烈的，猛烈的；极严重的very serious.
这个单词读起来很像是“抓死他”，表明“极严重的”drastically
7.draught(US.draft).n.气流；通风。a.散装的ie,~ beer散装啤酒。
读起来很像是“抓不住它”，那其中一种事物必然是“气流”。
扩展：draughtsman起草人，美术家。draughty.　a.通风的。
当然还有好多比如“谐音记忆法”“编故事记忆法”等，考生可以结合自己情况寻求适合自己的方法，也可以几种方法结合使用。
综上所述，考生如果能够在平时的练习过程中注意以上问题，并且有效运用上述方法，我相信，攻克四级不再是难事。“宝剑锋从磨砺出，梅花香自苦寒来”，衷心祝愿每一位在四级征程上的勇士，都能够马到成功！

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