第一节:六级作文试题分析
一. 六级作文试题分类
六级作文从试题角度可以分为现象解释型、对比选择型、问题解决型、观点论证型与应用文五种类型。
(一) 现象解释型
此类作文在六级考试作文中最为常见。命题主要要求考生对某一社会现象进行解释并加以评论,其基本结构是:首先说明现状;其次阐述这种现状产生或存在的原因;最后做出分析,提出建议或总结观点。例如:1.现象解释六级真题(2003年6月)
(二) 对比选择型
此类作文同样是六级考试中常见的类型,它的标志十分明显。作文题目要求较明确,富有针对性,即直接要求考试比较两种观点或做法,进而表明自己对问题或事务的态度或观点,也就是做出选择。例如:(2000年6月,1999年6月)
(三) 问题解决型
此类作文要求考生从提示性文字或图表、图画入手,解释提示性文字、图表、图画反映出的问题,提出问题的危害性或解决这一问题的紧迫性;然后对问题展开分析,提出解决问题的方案或应对措施;最后一段要求考生表明自己的态度、做法等。如2000年1月真题。
(四) 观点论证型
此类作文往往要求考生根据题目给出论点,按照提纲的结构要求对其下论证,然后表明自己的立场和看法。通过摆事实、讲道理的方式剖析事物,论述事理,发表意见,确立或否认某一主张。如:1999年1月六级真题。
(五) 应用文
应用文中的信函,也是六级作文设计的试题之一。在这类题型中,考生会读到一个特定的场景,试题要求考生按照这个场景给相关人士写一封短信,并在信中明确表达自己写信的原因、动机、目的和愿望等。文章所设及的内容多种多样,但大部分都与日常生活比较贴近。书信的类型可能变化万千,如邀请信、申请信、感谢信、道歉信等,但是万变不离其宗,只要掌握了英语书信的格式,并应用恰当的句式和语句,就一定能够写出好的文章来。
二. 解决方案
1. 建议考生分解作文观点,扩充内容。
2. 建议考生在写作时只选择自己能够驾奴的句式和词语。
3. 建议考生在文章中长短句搭配使用,用短句表达观点,长句推理分析。
4. 建议考生选用作文模板,限定文章逻辑结构。
5. 建议考生采用固定的句式,限定文章的字数。
第二节:写作技巧及作文结构安排
一. 写作技巧。
1. 根据文章大意判断作文题型。
2. 各种题型的写作方法。
现象解释型:基本方法为:描述现象→分析原因→对现象做出预测或如何促进(限制)这种现象的进一步发展。
对比选择型:基本方法为:阐述一种观点或态度并表明这种观点或态度正确的理由;阐述第二种(相对或相反的)观点或态度并说明这种观点或态度正确的理由;表明个人支持或反对以上观点或态度,并说明原因。
问题解决型:基本方法为:提出问题→分析问题→解决问题。
观点论证型:基本方法为:分析主题→得出结论→举例论证→得出结论(证明观点的正确性)。
应用文基本方法为:分析所给情景→选择写作方法。
3. 三段式作文的结构安排
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