Unit 20 Text A 不要觉得不危险人便可以如许做 你以为,在我们的社会里谁触犯法令呢 若是你以为只有粗野的家伙才犯法,你可能需要再想想。请诚笃地答复下面的题目:你熟谙的人有没有酒醉开车的 你能想起哪位伴侣用过阿芙蓉吗 你知不知道你父母在颠末海关时实在不总讲实话 你的伴侣中是不是有人承认他们偷过商展的东西 你的伴侣中是不是有报酬他人把激光唱盘上的内容复制到磁带上 若是你之前不知道,所有这些行动都是背法的。那么此刻看来,在你熟谙的人中,有多少人从不曾犯过法呢 这是不是是意味着我们社会上尽大大都人都应当进监狱 我们不克不及像在电影里那样,将世人辨别为坏蛋和榜样公平易近。此刻实糊口要复杂很多。正如疾病可以从通俗的感冒到致命的癌症轻重不等一样,犯法的严重程度也不一样。例如在电梯里抽烟会给他人带来麻烦,但比起持枪威胁他们,风险小很多。 人们除本身背法以外,还容忍分歧程度的犯法。为甚么我们会容忍某些犯法呢 或许因为看见他人做某件事的时辰,我们接管起来更轻易。乃至我们本身可能开端犯一样的罪。例如,大大都人发现高速公路上他人都超速开车,他们就更轻易开快车。人们在庆贺夺得某项体育冠军时,若是看见有人砸商展的窗户,他们本身也可能跟着往砸,乃至从商展里偷东西。所以,四周的人对我们能容忍甚么程度的犯法影响很大。 我们也必然想知道,是不是是因为我们每天在电视上看到暴力或在报纸上读到暴力,所以我们过度容忍了犯法。我们已看惯了电视新闻中流血镜头或报纸杂志上色采斑斓的血腥排场。正因为我们在电视上看见不计其数的死人,或许我们才疏忽暴力下的环境。 若是如此多的公平易近容忍暴力和罪过,乃至他们本身也犯法,这可能纯粹是因为我们的思唯有题目。我们的脑筋不关心具体的法令。相反,我们脑筋里可能有一套价值系统,它老是不让我们为改良本身的糊口而往危险他人。但是,当题目触及到尊敬浩繁不知姓名的人的权力时,我们或许就不那么负责了。固然大大都人不会往偷装有50美元的钱包,但他们可能实在不在乎偷税漏税,因为偷税实在不危险任何他人。它危险社会,但“社会”是一个抽象的概念,不像邻居或伴侣的伴侣那么真实。或许这就是为甚么一小我在街角商展用暴力抢动几美元,成果他服刑的时候比一个欺骗了不计其数元的冒牌艺术家还长。这是因为我们的社会里,威胁一小我生命是不克不及接管的。 当我们看到第一段提出的题目,并熟谙到很多人对背法有弊端的理解以后,我们可能感觉,加拿大犯法记录的人才只有10%,这实在令人惊奇。我们如何才能进步社会的诚笃程度 动用更多的差人能使每小我诚笃吗 峻厉的法令能令人们的社会变得更好吗 生怕不克不及。差人不成能盯住每小我,人们还是会千方百计曲解新的法令。诚笃应当来自社会压力:在家里,在黉舍里,工作岗亭上,我们每小我都应当以身作则,申明甚么行动是不是是可接管的,以此来倡导人们诚笃。教人尊敬法令应当成为每小我的责任。 Unit 20 Text B 美伊婚俗对比研究 固然成婚是世界上几近所有国度的人们都在做的工作,但成婚的风俗却随文化分歧而截然有异。我对比较美国与我国的风俗有乐趣。 我在美国已糊口了四年,但还是不习惯这里的风尚习惯。实在,我感觉奇特的是,求爱或约会的目标并不是老是为了找丈夫或老婆。有些人如许做仿佛把它当作消遣。 在美国,我发现一对年青人的求爱是本身开端的,他们仿佛有很大的自由来决定和做本身想做的事。年青的汉子和女人都与很多分歧的人约会。他们做这些事,可以不让父母知道,也无需父母帮忙。事实上,我就熟谙几位伴侣,他们成婚并没有奉告父母或家里其他的人。 在实际的婚礼节式上,新娘的父亲意味性的把本身的女儿交给新郎。我想这仅仅是个风俗而己,因为新娘和新郎已彼此很体味了。新娘和新郎一路站在宗教负责人或当局官员面前实施成婚典礼。官员朗读着一篇筹办好的简短讲稿,然后扣问男女两边是不是愿意与对方成婚。若是两边都说同意,并且出席婚礼的人傍边也没人站起来否决,就颁布发表他们为夫妻。成心思的是,在典礼上扣问两边家庭有没有否决定见。这或许是因为家庭成员不像在伊郎那样参与了婚礼的筹办工作吧。 成婚在我们国度有好几方面与美国分歧。在伊朗,求爱更严厉当真,并且目标严格是为了成婚。求爱决不像在美国那样,是成持久间嬉闹作乐的一部分。求亲过程是从男方的母亲拜访将来新娘的家开端的。母亲往相女孩,并体味女方家庭的地位和财富。若是母亲对劲了,她会某天带儿子再来。若是她的儿子也对劲了,两边家庭就聚在一路会商嫁奁,婚礼,请谁来筹办婚礼及其他工作。 可是,我国真实的成婚典礼与我见过的美国典礼大不一样。新身穿白色号衣,脸上罩着面纱,独自一人在一间屋里。她坐在一块专门的丝绸上,两边围满了长长的扁面包。两位毛拉站在这间屋子的门外朗读《古兰经》。对毛拉两次提出的题目,新娘都不该作答。然后新朗的母亲拿出一件金制的礼品,暗示男方家庭是很当真的。接着新娘答复毛拉提出的题目,编制就像美国人说“我愿意”一样。然后许可新郎进进新娘的房间,这时候两位毛拉则措置正式成婚文件。 美国和我们国度婚俗之间的另外一不同是:新娘不会顿时往她的新丈夫家往住。新娘要一向呆在本身娘家好几个月,用来筹办嫁奁和服从母亲训导她如何做个贤妻良母。几个月以后,新朗和他的亲戚到新娘家来,把新娘连同嫁奁一路接回家。 固然我确切看到了美国青年自由选择成婚对象和成婚时候的好处,我想我还是喜好本身国度的风俗。我以为这是因为我国的婚姻没有那么多的猜想和不肯定身分。
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